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				<title>Letter to John Washington</title>
                <title type="alternative">Letter to John Washington, 20 October, 30 November [1859]</title>
				<author xml:id="DL">Livingstone, David, 1813-1873</author>
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				<authority>Livingstone Online</authority>
				<pubPlace>London</pubPlace>
				<date>2009-08-24</date>
				<publisher>Wellcome Centre for the History of Medicine, UCL</publisher>
				<idno type="LEAP-ID">liv_001489</idno>
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				<bibl xml:id="shelfmark">National Museum of the Royal Navy (Great Britain); MSS. 120</bibl>
				<bibl xml:id="ccnumber">Letters, 0949</bibl>
				<bibl xml:id="recipient"><persName>Washington, John, 1800-1863</persName></bibl>
				<bibl xml:id="date"><date from="1859-10-20" to="1859-11-30">20 October, 30 November [1859]</date></bibl>
				<bibl xml:id="where">[River Shire]</bibl>
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				<language ident="en">English</language>
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			<handNotes>
				<handNote xml:id="hand01">Scribe: Unknown</handNote>
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			<change>
				<date>2009-08-24</date>
				<name xml:id="SM">Sharon Messenger</name>Initial Transcription by Sharon Messenger
			</change>
			<change>
				<date>2009-10-24</date>
				<name xml:id="CL">Chris Lawrence</name>First Proof by Chris Lawrence
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	<pb n="0001" facs="liv_001489_0001"/><!--pb/@n='1'-->
<lb/><p rend="no-indent"><hi rend="underline">Private</hi><space dim="horizontal" extent="6" unit="chars"/><placeName>Shire</placeName><space dim="horizontal" extent="3" unit="chars"/> 20 Oct<hi rend="sup underline">r</hi></p>
<lb/><p><persName>Baines</persName> and <persName>Thornton</persName> were left 
<lb/>at <placeName>Tette</placeName> because January February 
<lb/>and March are unhealthy months 
<lb/>and I wished to save them 
<lb/>the exposure of the <placeName>Shire valley</placeName>
<lb/>but left orders for <persName>C. Livingstone</persName>
<lb/>to go S.W. with them as soon 
<lb/>as the unhealthy period was 
<lb/>over. War prevented him 
<lb/>going. And no one suspected 
<lb/><persName>Baines</persName> of dishonesty till 
<lb/>he associated with certain 
<lb/>"ticket of leave men" and 
<lb/>unknown to any made away with some <del type="strikethrough">provisions</del>
<lb/>barrels of white sugar, butter 

	<pb n="0002" facs="liv_001489_0002"/><!--pb/@n='2'--> 
<lb/>cheese hams, wine and even 
<lb/>his companions property - stowing 
<lb/>away some of the latter in his 
<lb/>boxes. They were astounded on 
<lb/>discovering it as he had been 
<lb/>recommended by the Geographical 
<lb/>Society, Colonial Office &amp;c. &amp;c<reg>.</reg>
<lb/>He confessed to some breaches 
<lb/>of trust, but we don<reg>'</reg>t know 
<lb/>all he has made away with &amp; 
<lb/>I put it down to his head having 
<lb/>been affected by fever till 
<lb/>I found that he had not only 
<lb/>stolen his fellow members' 
<lb/>goods but took precious 
<lb/>good one of all his own 
<lb/>property &amp; of whatever he had </p>

	<pb n="0003" facs="liv_001489_0003"/><!--pb/@n='3'--> 
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<lb/><p rend="no-indent">30 Nov<hi rend="sup underline">r</hi> Lynx in sight - <persName>Thornton</persName> took to work 
<lb/>after he was cut off &amp; is gone up to <placeName>Zumbo</placeName>
<lb/>with a Portuguese trader.</p><anchor xml:id="p03-01"/>
<lb/><p rend="no-indent">appropriated. <persName>Bedingfeld</persName> made 
<lb/>a great deal of him &amp; favoured 
<lb/>on him in a way you would 
<lb/>find it difficult to believe. 
<lb/>I have sent <persName>D<hi rend="sup underline">r</hi> Kirk</persName> &amp; <persName>M<hi rend="sup underline">r</hi>
<lb/>Rae</persName> across country from <placeName>Chibisa</placeName> - 
<lb/>to <placeName>Tette</placeName> to bring <persName>Thornton</persName> &amp; 
<lb/><persName>Baines</persName> away and dismiss 
<lb/>them into Lynx, at <placeName>Kongone</placeName>
<lb/>I get on well when with a few 
<lb/>but never contemplated what 
<lb/>I am sure was considerate 
<lb/>kindness for the sake of health 
<lb/>would be turned into villainy<reg>.</reg>
<lb/>Our party now weeded of 
<lb/><persName>Bedingfeld</persName> and the Kroomen 
<lb/>with whom he tampered &amp; 
<lb/>whom he spoiled &amp; <persName>Baines</persName><del type="strikethrough">&amp;</del> with <persName>D<hi rend="sup underline">r</hi> Kirk</persName>. 
<lb/><persName>Rae</persName> &amp; <persName>C.L.</persName> is now effective 

	<pb n="0004" facs="liv_001489_0004"/><!--pb/@n='4'--> 
<lb/>and our prospects daily brighter<reg>.</reg>
<lb/>We mean to put a wooden bottom 
<lb/>outside the 1/16 of an inch one at 
<lb/><placeName>Kongone</placeName> by beaching her and digging 
<lb/>out the sand below - have made 
<lb/>a new funnel of copper sheets 
<lb/>from Persian. The opening up 
<lb/><placeName>Shire</placeName> into <placeName>Nyassa</placeName> I never anticipated 
<lb/>only to think no frosts to kill 
<lb/>the crops <add place="above">as in America</add> - One sowing of foreign 
<lb/>cotton yields for three years, and 
<lb/>the staple fine &amp; long. Their changes of 
<lb/>climate within a few miles of each 
<lb/>other. <choice><reg>T</reg><orig>t</orig></choice>he greatest boon the 
<lb/>expedition has given is  cure of 
<lb/>fever quickly <add place="above"> &amp; generally</add>without loss of 
<lb/>strength in the patient. Quinine 
<lb/>except in the cure (and then it is in 
<lb/>valuable), is a farce. We are getting very 
<lb/>thin in flesh - hope some one will send 
<lb/>us a little bitter ale. <persName>David Livingstone</persName></p> 


			
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